Some establishments incorporate such designs into their layout, such as Shrewsbury's former McDonald's, split into four stories with multiple mezzanines which featured medieval castle vaults – complete with arrowslits – in the basement dining rooms. That is why Dubai Mall, the largest mall in the world by total area (1,124,000 square meters or 12.1 million sq ft), isn’t on the list. The size of the largest shopping centers and malls at any given time continued to increase throughout the twentieth and into the twenty-first centuries. Central World the 10th Biggest mall in the world. Excludes centers at transport hubs. The most visited shopping mall in the world and third-largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America, located near the Twin Cities in Bloomington, Minnesota. Later that year the world's first fully enclosed shopping mall was opened in Luleå, in northern Sweden (architect: Ralph Erskine) and was named Shopping; the region now claims the highest shopping center density in Europe. In physical configuration, anchor stores are normally located as far from each other as possible to maximize the amount of traffic from one anchor to another. In the UK, The Mall Fund changes the name of any center it buys to "The Mall (location)", using its pink-M logo; when it sells a mall the center reverts to its own name and branding, such as the Ashley Centre in Epsom. At over 12 million square feet (equivalent in size to more than 50 soccer fields), the Dubai Mall is the largest shopping mall in the world based on total area but about the same size as the West Edmonton Mall if based on leasable space. Large examples include West Quay in Southampton; Manchester Arndale; Bullring Birmingham; Liverpool One; Trinity Leeds; Buchanan Galleries in Glasgow; and Eldon Square in Newcastle upon Tyne. Some wholesale market complexes also function as shopping malls in that they contain retail space which operate as stores in normal malls do but also act as producer vendor outlets that can take large orders for export. The world's largest malls with over 500,000 square metres (5,400,000 sq ft) of gross leasable area are in China, Thailand, The Philippines, more than half again as large as previous contenders such as the Dubai Mall. Until at least 2014 most of the stores were empty, and occupancy rates of only 10% occurred. [49], In Russia, on the other hand, as of 2013[update] a large number of new malls had been built near major cities, notably the MEGA malls such as Mega Belaya Dacha mall near Moscow. [41][42] At approximately 2,400,000 sq ft (220,000 m2), the Ala Moana Center in Honolulu, Hawaii was one of the largest malls in the United States when it opened for business in August 1959. In 2005, it turned into the world’s second-biggest shopping centre when South China Mall in Dongguan, China was finished. follow U.K. usage. Most shopping property management firms own at least 20 malls. The mall contains more than 1,200 shops including the world’s largest candy store, an ice rink, a SEGA game center (featuring a 3D bowling game), a 5 star … In the United States, online shopping has accounted for an increasing share of total retail sales. One controversial aspect of malls has been their effective displacement of traditional main streets or high streets. The Philippines has the most number of shopping malls in the top 100 largest shopping malls in the world with 22. Out-of-town shopping developments in the UK are now focused on retail parks, which consist of groups of warehouse style shops with individual entrances from outdoors. 12 Best National & State Parks in Montana, 12 Best Things to Do in Glacier National Park. and others (Australia,[5] etc.) From 2006 to 2010, the percentage of malls that are considered to be "dying" by real estate experts (have a vacancy rate of at least 40%), unhealthy (20–40%), or in trouble (10–20%) all increased greatly, and these high vacancy rates only partially decreased from 2010 to 2014. [16][17][18] Although Bergen Mall (opened 1957) led other suburban shopping centers in using "mall" in their names, these types of properties were still referred to as "shopping centers" until the late 1960s, when the term "shopping mall" started to be used generically for large suburban shopping centers. The size of the largest shopping centers and malls at any given time continued to increase throughout the twentieth and into the twenty-first centuries. [12], In the mid-20th century, with the rise of the suburb and automobile culture in the United States, a new style of shopping center was created away from downtowns. [51] Similarly, following its rebranding from Capital Shopping Centres, intu Properties renamed many of its centres to "intu (name/location)" (such as intu Lakeside; again, malls removed from the network revert to their own brand (see for instance The Glades in Bromley). In the United Kingdom and Ireland, both open-air and enclosed centers are commonly referred to as shopping centres. and others (Australia,[5] etc.) [15], In the late 1950s and into the 1960s, the term "shopping mall" was first used, but in the original sense of the word "mall", that is, a pedestrian promenade (in U.K. usage a "shopping precinct"). [44] The concept of a vertical mall was originally conceived in the late 1960s by the Mafco Company, former shopping center development division of Marshall Field & Co. The center, which opened with an open-air format in 1957, was enclosed in 1973. Phase 1 (Old Wing) opened in 1995 while Phase 2 (Old & New Wing) opened in 2003. It covers gross leasable area of 450,000 square meters and also known as Fars shopping complex. ", International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC), American Institute of Architects Retail and Entertainment Committee Knowledge Community, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shopping_mall&oldid=990881549, Lists of largest buildings and structures, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from June 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2009, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2013, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Regular/discount department stores, in Europe and Asia also supermarkets, hypermarkets, cinemas, major entertainment/leisure, Supermarket, hypermarket, small/discount department stores. PC:wikipedia.org. The majority of British enclosed shopping centres, the equivalent of a U.S. mall, are located in city centres, usually found in old and historic shopping districts and surrounded by subsidiary open air shopping streets. [48] There are a reported 222 malls in Europe. [34] In France, the So Ouest mall outside of Paris was designed to resemble elegant, Louis XV-style apartments and includes 17,000 square metres (180,000 sq ft) of green space. [21], The idea of a regionally-sized, fully enclosed shopping complex was pioneered in 1956 by the Austrian-born architect and American immigrant Victor Gruen. A common feature of shopping malls is a food court: this typically consists of a number of fast food vendors of various types, surrounding a shared seating area. It is estimated the total area covered by this shopping mall is about 420,000 square meters significantly. [13] Early shopping centers designed for the automobile include Market Square, Lake Forest, Illinois (1916), and Country Club Plaza, Kansas City, Missouri (1924). At the season of opening, it was the biggest shopping centre by gross leasable zone. The International Council of Shopping Centers classifies Asia-Pacific, European, U.S., and Canadian shopping centers into the following types:[6][8][9][10], Abbreviations: SC=shopping center/centre, GLA = Gross Leasable Area, NLA = Net Leasable Area, AP=Asia-Pacific, EU=Europe, Can=Canada, US=United States of America The world's second-largest shopping mall is the Golden Resources Mall in Beijing, China with a gross floor area of 680,000 m2 (7,300,000 sq ft). Aside from Southdale Center, significant early enclosed shopping malls were Harundale Mall (1958) in Glen Burnie, Maryland,[26] Big Town Mall (1959) in Mesquite, Texas, Chris-Town Mall (1961) in Phoenix, Arizona, and Randhurst Center (1962) in Mount Prospect, Illinois. 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